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\n

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\u3000 \u3000\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u662f\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8303\u7574\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u8303\u7574\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u8fd9 \u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u501f\u4ee5\u91cd\u5efa\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8303\u7574\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u8303\u7574\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\u3002\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u76f8\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa \u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u95f4\u6027\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u4e43\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6027\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5728\u300a\u8ba4\u8bc6 \u4e0e\u5174\u8da3\u300b\uff081968\uff09\u4e2d\u628a\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\u7684\u533a\u5206\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u5206\u6293\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6700\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u533a\u522b\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728 \u300a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u666e\u904d\u8bed\u7528\u5b66\u300b\uff081979\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u53c8\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u3002\u540e\u6765\u5728\u300a\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff081981\uff09 \u4e2d\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u89c4\u8303\u8c03\u8282\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u620f\u5267\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7b56\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u610f\u6307 \u884c\u4e3a\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u79cd\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u6982\u62ec\u4e4b\u3002\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u628a\u624b\u6bb5\u5173\u8054\u4e8e \u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u628a\u6280\u672f\u5173\u8054\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u53cd\u601d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u516c\u6b63\u3002\u5b83\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u4e3b\u5bb0\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u800c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u4f53\u95f4\u5411\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u4e3a\u6307 \u5411\uff0c\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u8c0b\u5212\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\u5374\u662f\u4ee5\u8fbe\u6210\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7b26\u53f7\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u6c9f \u901a\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u8fbe\u6210\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u975e\u5f3a\u8feb\u6027\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7528\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u89e3 \u91ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u52b3\u52a8\u5f53\u4f5c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c \u4e3a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u628a\u52b3\u52a8\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u4e0b\u628a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff08\u4ea4\u5f80\uff09\u4e0e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u6df7\u6dc6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u62b9\u715e\u4e86\u7ecf\u9a8c \u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u4eba\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u624d\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u51e1\u662f\u719f\u6089\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u5927\u60d1\u4e0d\u89e3\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u770b\u770b\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u300a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9 \u6837\uff0c\u751f\u547d\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u547d\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u80b2\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u4ed6\u4eba\u751f\u547d\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5c31\u7acb\u5373\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u53cc\u91cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u793e\u4f1a \u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6307\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5171\u540c\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u3002\uff08\u300a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u9009\u96c6\u300b\uff0c2\u7248\uff0c \u7b2c1\u5377\uff0c80\u9875\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1995\u3002 \uff09\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u300a\u96c7\u4f63\u52b3\u52a8\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u300b\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u7136\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u540c\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u6362\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u4ea7\u3002 \u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fbf\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793e\u4f1a\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u201d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c 344\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c \u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u540c\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u5728\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u5b57\u773c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7ffb\u5f00\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u300a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b \u5230\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e00\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u4ea4\u5f80\u201d\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u8303\u7574\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u5168\u90e8\u793e\u4f1a\u7269 \u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u53d8\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u5176\u6210\u679c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u4e3a\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u4e92 \u4e3a\u4e3b\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u9648\u7b60\u6cc9\u3001\u5218\u5954\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u300b\uff0c176\u9875\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c 1996\u3002\uff09\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u6982 \u5ff5\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5341\u5206\u5bbd\u6cdb\u3002\u6309\u7167\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u539f\u521d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u57df\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u53d8\u6362\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u57281846\u5e74 12\u670828\u65e5\u81f4\u5b89\u5e74\u67ef\u592b\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u81f4\u4e27\u5931\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0d\u81f4\u5931\u6389\u6587\u660e\u7684\u679c\u5b9e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80[commerce]\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u518d\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u65e2\u5f97\u7684 \u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u627f\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u2014\u2014\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u300acommerce\u300b\u4e00\u8bcd\u662f\u5c31\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c31\u8c61\u5728\u5fb7\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 \u300aVerkehr \u300b\u4e00\u8bcd\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u5168\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c27\u5377\uff0c478\u9875\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff0c \u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1972\u3002\uff09\u800c\u201ccommerce\u201d\u6216\u201cVerkehr \u201d\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7531\u6240\u6709\u5236\u548c\u5206\u5de5\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6db5\u76d6\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u4e24\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6218\u4e89\u4e5f\u662f\u4ea4\u5f80 \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u201d\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u4e00\u5207\u4ea4\u5f80 \u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u884c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u7531\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7531\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u9700\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u4e92\u7406 \u89e3\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u201c\u8a00\u8bed\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u8bed\u8a00\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u5207\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u79cd\u672c\u4f53\u8bba\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5176 \u4e09\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u5f80\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u662f\u4ece\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\u5206\u5316\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u5f80\u51b3\u5b9a\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u5219\u662f\u5728\u4ee5\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c \u7528\u201d\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5e76\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u6216 \u7b56\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u8c08\u4ea4\u5f80\u65f6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5219\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5e94\u8be5\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u5176\u65e9\u671f\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u4ea4\u5f80\u8fd9\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u56de\u5e94\uff1f\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u53c8\u4e3a\u4f55\u628a\u8574\u542b\u6df1\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u6027\u884c \u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u6279\u5224\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6df7\u6dc6\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff08\u4ea4\u5f80\uff09\u3001\u5ffd\u89c6\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u96be\u9053\u4ec5\u4ec5\u7528\u201c\u8bef\u89e3\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba4\u771f\u89e3\u8bfb\u201d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8457\u4f5c\u5c31\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u539f \u59d4\uff1f\u540c\u6837\u4ee4\u4eba\u6df1\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80\u8303\u7574\u88ab\u6d88\u89e3\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u800c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5176\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u9a6c\u514b \u601d\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e0d\u6210\u719f\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7528\u8bed\uff1f\u96be\u9053\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u662f\u7a7a\u7a74\u6765\u98ce\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50cf\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af \u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4f4d\u6df1\u8c19\u5fb7\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u5f0f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\uff0c\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8457\u4f5c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u672a\u514d\u8f7b\u7387\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u4e3a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u539f\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u54c8\u8d1d \u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u662f\u6839\u672c\u7684\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u91cd\u5efa\u5386\u53f2 \u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6784\u7b51\u5176\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u201d\uff0c\u662f\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u9700\u8981\u800c\u6784\u601d\u7684\u4e00\u6574\u5957\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8bb3\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u610f\u5473\u7740 \u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u89e3\u5f00\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5176\u6574\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u5145\u5206\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u3001\u4f46\u5176\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9f13\u821e\u529b\u5c1a\u672a \u67af\u7aed\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u540c\u6837\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\uff09\u3002\u201d\uff08\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\uff1a\u300a\u8d70\u5411\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb \u5316\u300b\uff0c99\u9875\uff0c\u91cd\u5e86\uff0c\u91cd\u5e86\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1989\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba \u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8981\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u4ee5\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u628a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5f52\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u8d85\u8d8a\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7531\u4ee5\u5efa\u57fa \u7684\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u8303\u7574\u5f52\u5165\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u4e3a\u6240\u5212\u5206\u7684\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u57fa\u7840\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u8d77\u5c31\u7f3a\u4e4f\u67d0\u79cd\u660e\u6670 \u6027\u3002\u201d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c99\u9875\u3002\uff09\u56e0\u4e3a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\u4f5c\u51fa\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u524d\u8005\u5305\u63fd\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u540e\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5e26\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u6210 \u4e3a\u5efa\u6784\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u9996\u5148\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u601d\u548c\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8e\u89e3\u6784\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u552f \u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f97\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u57fa\u7840\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u201c\u91cd\u5efa\u201d\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5f97\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u7684\u963f\u57fa\u7c73\u5fb7\u70b9\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5386\u53f2 \u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u65e9\u671f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u800c\u8001\u4e00\u8f88\u7684\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u4eec\u8eb2\u5728\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u7684\u80cc\u540e\uff0c\u628a\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u63a8\u5411\u7edd\u5883\u3002\u970d\u514b\u6d77\u9ed8\u548c\u963f\u591a\u5c14\u8bfa\u7b49\u4eba\u5728 \u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u65e0\u9650\u81a8\u80c0\u800c\u5f0a\u7aef\u767e\u51fa\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u5927\u5531\u633d\u6b4c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5374\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8574\u85cf\u7740\u62ef\u6551\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u7406\u6027\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u5728\u4e0e\u5de5 \u5177\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6297\u8861\u4e2d\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u884c\u653f\uff09\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u501f\u52a9\u91d1\u94b1\u548c\u6743\u529b\u7684\u64cd\u63a7\u5a92\u4f53\u5411\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u4fb5\u8680\u548c\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u91cd\u5efa\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4ee5\u201c\u7cfb\u7edf\u2014\u751f\u6d3b \u4e16\u754c\u201d\u53cc\u5411\u5206\u6790\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u4e3a\u201c\u665a\u671f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u628a\u8109\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u201d\u7684\u75c5\u75c7\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u91ca\u653e\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u6027\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6784\u601d\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \u7406\u60f3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u65b0\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u7531\u975e\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u610f\u613f\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u8f83\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e92\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u201d\u3001\u201c\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6761\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u74e6\u89e3\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5e76\u672a\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8303\u7574\u5f03\u4e4b\u4e0d\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\u7cfb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 \u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7528\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u53d6\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\u53d6\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\u53d6\u4ee3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af \u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5373\u7531\u610f\u8bc6\u54f2\u5b66\u8f6c\u5411\u8bed\u8a00\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u7531\u76ee\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u8f6c\u5411\u4ea4\u5f80\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u628a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u201c\u52b3 \u52a8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u6307\u8d23\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5ffd\u89c6\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6070\u597d\u8bf4\u660e\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5ba3\u79f0\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u88ab\u6559\u6761\u5316\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e38\u5e38\u6df7\u540c\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83 \u7684\u539f\u521d\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c1938\u5e74\uff0c\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7f16\u7e82\u3001\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6 \u4e0a\u88ab\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u3002\u65af\u5927\u6797\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u53d8\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4ee5\u91cd\u5efa\u3002\u201d\uff08\u540c\u4e0a\u4e66\uff0c\u7b2c134\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\uff0c \u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u6307\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u4ea4\u5f80\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u53d8\u4f53\u201d\u800c\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u9519\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6559\u6761\u5f0f\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63 \u662f\u628a\u300a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u300b\u4e2d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e00\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5f53\u4f5c\u201c\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u8303\u7574\u7684\u6700\u521d\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u628a\u4ea4\u5f80\u6d88\u89e3\u5728\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u9a6c\u514b \u601d\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u628a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6240\u72af\u7684\u6559\u6761\u4e3b\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u7b97\u5728\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u8d26\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u53d8\u4f53\u201d\u4e0e\u9a6c \u514b\u601d\u7684\u539f\u5178\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002\u4e09\u3001\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u91ca<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9 \u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u628a\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u4f5c\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u3001\u6280\u672f \u6027\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\u88ab\u5f52\u5165\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u7b56 \u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u5c42\u6b21\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u6709\u7406\u7531\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u628a\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u5728\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\u7406\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6216\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5c31\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1 \u5c55\u6216\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u80fd\u5426\u7ee7\u7eed\u7a33 \u5b9a\u3001\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5b83\u867d\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e2\u5b58\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u80fd\u63d0\u51fa\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9020\u6210\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u5fc5 \u987b\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u4ea4\u5f80\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u800c\u6539\u53d8\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u5bfc\u81f4\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3001\u8fdb\u5316\u3002\u53f2\u5b9e\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u6837\u7684\u751f\u4ea7 \u529b\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u6f14\u53d8\u4e2d\u8d77\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u5b9a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u6279\u9a73\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e5f\u53cd\u5bf9\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u540e\u4eba\u6559\u6761\u5316\u4e86\u7684 \u201c\u552f\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u8bba\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e00\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6216\u63a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u53ea\u5177\u201c\u6700\u7ec8\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6839\u6e90\u201d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u53d1\u5c55 \u4e5f\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8bf8\u591a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u53ea\u8bb2\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u6096\u4e8e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u539f\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u4ea4\u5f80\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u6392\u9664\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u52a8\u56e0\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u770b\u6210\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u51b5\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fc4\u4eca \u4e3a\u6b62\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8ff0\u9053\uff1a\u4ed6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u89c2\u5728\u4e8e\u201c\u4ece\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u53d1\u9610\u8ff0\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u628a\u540c\u8fd9\u79cd\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u3001\u5b83\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u5373\u5404 \u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u5e02\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u201d\u3002\uff08\u300a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u9009\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c1\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c122\u300192\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5728\u5bf9\u4ea4\u5f80\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u65ad\u5b9a\uff1a\u4e00\u5207\u5386\u53f2 \u51b2\u7a81\u90fd\u6839\u6e90\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0e\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4ed6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u548c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u8054\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u793e\u4f1a \u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u201c\u6709\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u201d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u201c\u5e8f\u5217\u201d\u3002\u5728\u300a1857\u20141858\u5e74\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u624b\u7a3f\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u53c8\u5177\u4f53\u5212\u5206\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4ea4\u5f80\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u7531 \u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5145\u5206\u80af\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u6d3b\u52a8\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u9769\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5f53\u4f5c\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u52a8\u529b\u6e90\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ed3\u6784\u8981\u7d20\u52a0\u4ee5\u8003\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u627f\u8ba4\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7136\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5386\u53f2 \u7406\u8bba\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u53d8\u9769\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86 \u987a\u5e94\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u624d\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u552f\u7269\u53f2\u89c2\u4ece\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u5f80\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7275\u5f15\u51fa \u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u8303\u7574\u53ca\u5176\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53c8\u4ece\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7275\u5f15\u51fa\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u795e\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u7269\u8d28 \u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d\u95f4 \u73af\u8282\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4ea4\u5f80\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5c11\u4ea4\u5f80\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u5173\u7cfb\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u4ea7\u5173 \u7cfb\uff09\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5728\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4\u5185\u5728\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e86\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5173\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e3a \u7406\u6027\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u76ee\u7684\u2014\u7406\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u201c\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u6216\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u7684\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u2014\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u7406\u6027 \u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u524d\u8005\u610f\u5473\u7740\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u6837\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u6240\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u540e\u8005\u6bd4 \u524d\u8005\u66f4\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u79d1\u6280\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u5219\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u5b9e\u8df5\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u53ea \u80fd\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9053\u5fb7\u5b9e\u8df5\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f55\u4ee5\u4f1a\u589e\u957f\uff1f\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5438\u53d6\u76ae\u4e9a\u6770\u8ba4\u77e5\u53d1\u751f\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u5176\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5bf9 \u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u2014\u5b9e\u8df5\u77e5\u8bc6\u9886\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u201c\u8d77\u640f\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5386 \u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u628a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u770b\u6210\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u6839\u672c\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u4ece\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7406\u6027\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u628a\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e \u5ba2\u89c2\u601d\u7ef4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fa7\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4fa7\u5ea6\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u6218\u7565\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4fa7\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u4fa7\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\uff08\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\uff1a\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u89c4\u8303\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff0c \u8f7d\u300a\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c101\u9875\u3002\uff09\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c \u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u89e6\u53d1\u201d\u5236\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u201c\u673a\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u6210\u4e3a\u665a\u671f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u751f \u4ea7\u529b\u5c31\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7edf\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5185\u5728\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u5b9e\u8df5\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u95ee\u9898 \u201c\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u89e3\u51b3\u201d\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6027\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5173\u4e8e\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fa8\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\u6982\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u3000\u30001.\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u662f\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5efa\u6784\u4ea4\u5f80\u8303\u7574\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5c06\u91cd\u5efa\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u52fe\u5212\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u6279\u5224\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\u7cfb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u30002.\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u52b3\u52a8\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54f2\u5b66\u5b58\u5728\u8bba\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u8574\u542b\u7740\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4ea4\u5f80\u6982\u5ff5\u6240\u6307\u6d89\u7684\u5e7f\u9614\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u8bba\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u800c\u54c8 \u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u5728\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\u6240\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6df1\u5316\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8bf4\u53ef\u8d44\u501f\u9274\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3000\u30004.\u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u665a\u671f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u5b9e\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u7406\u6027\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62ef\u6551\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6d6a\u6f2b\u8272\u5f69\u548c\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u5f80\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u6df1\u523b\u6d1e\u89c1\u548c\u7406\u6027\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5f3a\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u5bcc\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u539f\u6587\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[1] \u6797\u5251.\u4ea4\u5f80\u8303\u7574\u4e0e\u552f\u7269\u53f2\u89c2[J].\u6c5f\u6d77\u5b66\u520a\uff0c1993\uff0c\uff085 \uff09\uff1a82\u201488.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[2] \u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af.\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5316[M].\u91cd\u5e86\uff1a\u91cd\u5e86\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1989.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[3] \u54c8\u8d1d\u9a6c\u65af.\u4ea4\u5f80\u884c\u52a8\u7406\u8bba[M].\u91cd\u5e86\uff1a\u91cd\u5e86\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1994.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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