{"id":5534,"date":"2016-05-19T15:18:19","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T07:18:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shehuifa.com\/?p=5534"},"modified":"2025-11-13T14:50:01","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T06:50:01","slug":"%e6%b3%95%e5%9b%bd%e5%b7%a5%e4%bc%9a%e8%bf%90%e5%8a%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2%e4%b8%8e%e8%a7%86%e8%a7%92","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/?p=5534","title":{"rendered":"[\u67ef\u4f73\u4f36; \u674e\u674f\u6d25; \u9648\u6c38\u7537]\uff1a\u5f02\u5316\u610f\u6db5\u4e4b\u63a2\u7a76"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u67ef\u4f73\u4f36\u3001\u674e\u674f\u6d25\u3001\u9648\u6c38\u7537\uff0c\u53f0\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7855\u58eb\u5728\u804c\u4e13\u73ed \/ \u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhu.edu.tw\/~society\/e-j\/82\/82-11.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5357\u534e\u5927\u5b66<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6d89\u53ca\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u3001\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u6709\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u53ca\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7b49\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u5217\u4e3e\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u8003\u5bdf\u3001\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u53ca\u8f9e\u5178\u5bf9\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u53ca\u601d\u60f3\u6e0a\u6e90\u4e09\u90e8\u4efd\uff0c\u6765\u8ba4\u8bc6\u79cd\u79cd\u5f02\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u58f9\u3001\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u8003\u5bdf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u5f02\u5316\u300calienation\u300d\u6e90\u4e8e\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u300calienatio\u300d\u3002\u5728\u795e\u5b66\u548c\u7ecf\u9662\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u62c9\u4e01\u6587alienatio\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u5c42\u610f\u601d\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u5728\u9ed8\u7977\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7cbe\u795e\u8131\u79bb\u8089\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5408\u4e00\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u610f\u601d\u4e3a\u5723\u7075\u5728\u8089\u4f53\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u987e\u5168\u4eba\u6027\u800c\u4f7f\u795e\u6027\u4e27\u5931\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u603b\u7f16\u8f91\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c2001\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u754c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u79f0\u5fb7\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u300cEntfremdung\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\u8bd1\u81ea\u5e0c\u814a\u6587 \u300callotri\u00f4sis\u300d\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u5206\u79bb\u3001\u758f\u8fdc\u3001\u964c\u751f\u5316\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7531\u9a6c\u4e01\u2027\u8def\u5fb7\u4e8e\u516c\u51431522\u5e74\u5728\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5723\u7ecf\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u65b0\u9ad8\u5730\u5fb7\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6307\u758f\u8fdc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u4e0d\u4fe1\u795e\u3001\u65e0\u77e5\u3002\u800c\u300cEntfremdung\u300d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728\u5fb7\u8bed\u975e\u5b97\u6559\u7528\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u878d\u6c47\u4e86\u62c9\u4e01\u8bedabalienare \u548calienatio \u4e24\u8bcd\u7684\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u964c\u751f\u5316\u3001\u5265\u593a\u3001\u53d6\u8d70\u3001\u8131\u79bb\u3001\u6743\u5229\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u8f6c\u4e0e\u53ca\u8ba9\u6e21\u7b49\u610f\uff08\u6881\u6e05\uff0c2006\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u8bcd\u6e90\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u5f02\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u793e\u4f1a\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4e14\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5fb7\u6587Entfremdung\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u82f1\u6587alienation 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Grotius\uff09\u662f\u7528\u62c9\u4e01\u6587alienatio\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u8bf4\u660e\u6743\u5229\u8f6c\u8ba9\u4e0e\u653e\u5f03\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c06\u6743\u5229\u8f6c\u4ea4\u7ed9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u541b\u4e3b\u6765\u884c\u4f7f\uff0c\u4ece\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u81ea\u5df1\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u541b\u4e3b\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\uff08\u738b\u7ae0\u9675\uff0c1987\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u603b\u7f16\u8f91\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c2001\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\uff0c\u970d\u5e03\u65af\uff08Thomas Hobbes\uff09\u5219\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5316\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u4eba\u6027\u6076\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u50cf \u72fc\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u6218\u4e89\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6050\u6016\u53ca\u79cd\u79cd\u4e0d\u582a\uff0c\u4eba\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u594b\u8d77\u81ea\u6551\uff1f\u970d\u5e03\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u6709\u4e86\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eba\u670d\u4ece\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u53d7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u95f4\u5c31\u80fd\u754f\u60e7\u4e0d\u6562\u76f8 \u4e92\u5192\u72af\uff0c\u4f46\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7531\u8c01\u6765\u5b9a\uff1f\u7531\u8c01\u6765\u6267\u884c\uff1f\u662f\u4eba\u4eba\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5bb3\u6015\u5403\u4e8f\uff0c\u5bb3\u6015\u4ed6\u4eba\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5229\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e4b\u9053\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u88ab\u8feb\u8ba2\u7acb\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u65c1\u6742\u3001\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u5fd7 \u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u8f6c\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u8d77\u6765\u7531\u300c\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u4f17\u4eba\u4e4b\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5a01\u6743\u6765\u4fdd\u969c\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5951\u7ea6\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u79cd \u300c\u8f6c\u8ba9\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u5f6d\u6dee\u680b\u8bd1\uff0c2000\uff1bThomas,1955\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u9648\u745e\u5d07\uff0c2006\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5f02\u5316\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u300c\u8f6c\u8ba9\u300d\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6d1b\u514b\uff08John Locke\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u73b0\u540e\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u8f6c\u8ba9\u90e8\u5206\u6743\u5229\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u900f\u8fc7\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1 \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u6d1b\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6743\u5229\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c38\u4e45\u8f6c\u8ba9\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u300c\u501f\u300d\u7ed9\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u8bf4\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5018\uf974\u653f\u5e9c\u6743\uf98a\u4e0e\u4eba\u4eec\u81ea\u7136\u6743\uf9dd\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u5219\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11 \u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u662f\u7406\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u300c\u8f7b\u5fae\u4e14\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u7406\u7531\u300d\u800c\u62c6\u6389\u8fd9\u90e8\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u62c6\u6389\u8fd9\u90e8\u673a\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u6c38\u8fdc\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u51cc\u6e1d\u90ce\u7740\uff0c2000\uff1b\u5f6d\u6dee\u680b\u8bd1\uff0c2000\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u6d1b\u514b\uff0c\u9c81\u7d22\uff08Jean-Jacques Rousseau\uff09\u5728\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u4ea6\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e86\u9003\u79bb\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u79bd\u517d\u822c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7b7e\u8ba2\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u6743\u5229\u8f6c\u8ba9\u7ed9\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u5177\u6709\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0e\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u63a5\u53d7\u5c11\u6570\u670d\u4ece\u591a\u6570\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u653f\u5e9c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff08\u4f55\u5146\u6b66\u8bd1\uff0c1987\uff1b\u51cc\u6e1d\u90ce\uff0c2000\uff09\u3002 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\u7840\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u6587\u660e\u4f7f\u4eba\u8150\u8d25\uff1b\u80cc\u79bb\u81ea\u7136\u4f7f\u4eba\u5815\u843d\uff1b\u4eba\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u9020\u7269\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u9c81\u7d22\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u601d\u60f3\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5bf9\u652f\u914d\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u3001\u5974\u5f79\u3001\u4e0d\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\u5426\u5b9a\u6027\u4ef7\u503c \u7684\u6279\u5224\uff08\u738b\u6653\u7ea2\uff0c2005\uff1b\u674e\u5e38\u5c71\u8bd1\uff0c1986\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bd7\u4eba\u5e2d\u52d2\uff08Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller\uff09\u501f\u7740\u6279\u5224\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\uff0c \u6df1\u523b\u5730\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u3002\u5e2d\u52d2\u654f\u9510\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c48\u670d\u4e8e\u8089\u4f53\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u65e5\u76ca\u6ca6\u4e27\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u72b6\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u4e0e\u52b3\u52a8\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u52aa \u529b\u4e0e\u62a5\u916c\u90fd\u5f7c\u6b64\u8131\u8282\u4e86\u3002\u4e14\u4eba\u6c38\u8fdc\u88ab\u675f\u7f1a\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b64\u96f6\u96f6\u7684\u5c0f\u788e\u7247\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53ea\u597d\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u9020\u5c31\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u788e\u7247\uff08\u6768\u5bb6\u53cb\uff0c2007\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u54f2\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\uff08Johann Gottlieb 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Marx\u7740\u30021844\u5e74\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u624b\u7a3f\uff08The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u65f6\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u5e38\u5c71\u8bd1\uff081986\uff09\u3002\u8bba\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5510\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u8d85\u5b97\uff081989\uff09\u3002\u65b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e : \u8bc4\u4ecb\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u300d\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6842\u51a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u6bd3\u7ae0\uff081995\uff09\u3002\u4eba\uff1a\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u592a\u9633 \u2014 \u8d39\u5c14\u5df4\u54c8\u5b97\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u8fdc\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u8f89\uff082007\uff09\u3002\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\uff1a\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4e1a\u6279\u5224\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u4e34\u6c82\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c29\uff085\uff09\uff0c40-45\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f55\u5146\u6b66\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081987\uff09\u3002B. Russell\u7740\u3002\u9c81\u7d22\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\uff08The social contract\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5510\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f55\u4fdd\u4e2d\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081986\uff09\u3002B. Russell\u7740\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff08Wisdom of the west\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u4e1a\u5f3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5415\u8273\u7ea2\uff082009\uff09\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f02\u5316\u601d\u60f3\u5dee\u5f02\u8fa8\u6790\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c7\uff081\uff09\uff0c6-8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8b\u56fd\u8bda\uff081990\uff09\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6842\u51a0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5434\u5149\u8fdc\uff082006\uff09\u3002\u4f5b\u6d1b\u59c6\uff0d\u8bf4\u6765\u4e5f\u633a\u53ef\u7b11\uff0c\u4e16\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4eba\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u81ea\u5bfb\u70e6\u607c\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u6d77\u9e3d\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90b1\u5955\u68ee\uff082000\uff09\u3002\u6c99\u7279\u300a\u5b58\u6709\u4e0e\u865a\u65e0\u300b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u56fd\u7acb\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5468\u4e1a\u8c26\u3001\u5468\u5149\u6de6\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081995\uff09\u3002J. David, \uff06 J. Julia\u7740\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u8f9e\u5178\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u732b\u5934\u9e70\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b5f\u7965\u68ee\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081992\uff09\u3002E. Fromm\u7740\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u65b0\u5e0c\u671b\uff08The revolution of hope\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5fd7\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d2a\u6c49\u9f0e\uff081995\uff09\u3002\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u4e1c\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d2a\u6c49\u9f0e\u3001\u590f\u9547\u5e73\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081995\uff09\u3002H. G. Gadamer\u7740\u3002\u771f\u7406\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0d\u54f2\u5b66\u8be0\u91ca\u5b66\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u65f6\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6d2a\u938c\u5fb7\uff081997\uff09\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u53cd\u53db:\u9751\u5e74\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5546\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bab\u656c\u624d\uff081993\uff09\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5510\u5c71\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f90\u7eaa\u4eae\uff0c\u5f20\u5e86\u718a\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081987\uff09\u3002E. Fromm\u7740\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5173\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u69ea\u5ff5\uff08Marxoncept of man\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5357\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51cc\u6e1d\u90ce\uff082000\uff09\u3002\u897f\u6d0b\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u3002\u4e94\u5357\uff1a\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u537f\u81fb\uff082004\uff09\u3002\u8bd5\u8bba\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5f02\u5316\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u677f\u3011\u3002\u5e7f\u897f\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c9\uff0c17-19\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9648\u745e\u5d07\uff082006\uff09\u3002\u8bba\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u9020\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\uff0c30\uff085\uff09\uff0c 61-96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9648\u4e50\uff082008\uff09\u3002\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u5f02\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u63a2\u6e90\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u6c11\u65cf\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c14\uff086\uff09\uff0c51-53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6881\u6e05\uff082006\uff09\u3002\u6279\u5224\u4e0e\u626c\u5f03\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u5f02\u5316\u8bba\u3002\u4e1c\u5317\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5409\u6797\u7701\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u4ec1\u5065\uff082009\uff09\u3002\u8bba\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u6279\u5224\u601d\u60f3\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u6e58\u6f6d\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c31\uff082\uff09\uff0c30-32\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f20\u9759\u9759\uff082008\uff09\u3002\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u5bf9\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6279\u5224\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u5929\u6d25\u884c\u653f\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c10\uff081\uff09\uff0c27-29\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d3a\u9e9f\u3001\u738b\u7396\u5174\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081997\uff09\u3002G. W. F. Hegel\u7740\u3002\u7cbe\u795e\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e0a\u5377\u3002\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5546\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f6d\u6dee\u680b\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff082000\uff09\u3002J. S. Mcclelland\u7740\u3002\u897f\u6d0b\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\uff08A history of Western political thought\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u5546\u5468\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u845b\u6dd1\u73b2\uff082002\uff09\u3002\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\u6240\u6f5c\u5728\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u5371\u673a &#8211; \u73ed\u96c5\u660e\u8bba\u5927\u4f17\u6587\u5316\u3002\u79c1\u7acb\u8f85\u4ec1\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u53bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6768\u5bb6\u53cb\uff082007\uff09\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0? \u2500\u2500\u5e2d\u52d2\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u6bd4\u8f83\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u6b66\u6c49\u7406\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c20\uff085\uff09\uff0c668-671\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6768\u7edb\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff082000\uff09\u3002Plato \u7740\u3002\u6590\u591a\u2500\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f55\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9999\u6e2f\uff1a\u5929\u5730\u56fe\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e07\u4e19\u7b56\uff082008\uff09\u8bba\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u54f2\u5b66\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u9c81\u4e1c\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c25\uff085\uff09\uff0c13-16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d75\u4f1f\uff082008\uff09\u3002\u6d45\u6790\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u52b3\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u5927\u5e86\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c28\uff084\uff09\uff0c1-3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8363\u9707\u534e\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081997\uff09\u3002L. A. Feuerbach\u7740\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff08The essence of Christianity\uff09\u3002\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5546\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8521\u7f8e\u4e3d\uff082003\uff09\u3002\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u53bf\uff1a\u5de6\u5cb8\u6587\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u6e05\u8654\uff081997\uff09\u3002\u5426\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5408\u7406\uff0d\u9a6c\u5e93\u8272\u300a\u5355\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba\u300b\u5bfc\u8bfb\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u53f0\u6e7e\u4e66\u5e97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u6167\u5a25\uff081998\uff09\u3002\u5b98\u50da\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u5c5e\u4e00\u7ea7\u884c\u653f\u673a\u5173\u4e2a\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u56fd\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u5b66\u516c\u5171\u884c\u653f\u5b66\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5218\u7ee7\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff082006\uff09\u3002H. Marcuse\u7740\u3002\u5355\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba:\u53d1\u8fbe\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u784f\u7a76\uff08One dimensional man studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u4e5d\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ed5\u5b88\u5c27\uff081996\uff09\u3002\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u751f\u667a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u848b\u5fd7\u7ea2\uff082007\uff09\u3002\u9752\u5e74\u5362\u5361\u5947\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u7406\u8bba\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u56fd\u7acb\u5409\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u957f\u6625\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90d1\u666f\u6cfd\uff082006\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u8def\u8d70\u6765\uff0c\u4f55\u5fc5\u5982\u4e00\u2014\u6559\u5e08\u5f02\u5316\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u56fd\u7acb\u53f0\u6e7e\u5e08\u8303\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u672a\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9a86\u5fbd\uff082008\uff09\u3002\u8428\u7279\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5206\u6790\u3010\u7535\u5b50\u7248\u3011\u3002\u5357\u4eac\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c10\uff082\uff09\uff0c12-15\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9e3f\u94a7\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081990\uff09\u3002Jay, M.\u7740\u3002\u963f\u591a\u8bfa-\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u5b97\u5e08\uff08Adorno\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u60e0\u7f8e\uff08\u8bd1\uff09\uff081999\uff09\u3002Giddens, A.\u7740\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\uff0e\u6d82\u5c14\u5e72\uff0e\u97e6\u4f2f\uff08Capitalism and modern social theony an analysis of the writings of Marx,Durkheim and Weber\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u8fdc\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u897f\u6587\u90e8\u4efd<\/p>\n<p><em>Alienation<\/em>. (2009). Retrieved May 5, 2009, from http:\/\/gme.grolier.com\/cgi-bin\/article?assetid=0007350-0<\/p>\n<p>Bottmore, T. B. (1988). <em>K. Marx early writing<\/em>. NY: Mc Graw-Hill.<\/p>\n<p>Fromm, E. (1955). <em>The sane society<\/em>. NY: Rinehart.<\/p>\n<p>Fromm, E. (1969). <em>Escape from freedom<\/em>. NY: Avon Books.<\/p>\n<p>Feuerbach, L. A. (1957). <em>The essence of Christianity <\/em>(E. G. Waring, &amp; F. W. Strothmann, Trans.). NY: Ungar Publishing Company. (Original work published 1841)<\/p>\n<p>Habermas, J. (1984). <em>The theory of communicative action: Reason and the rationalization of society<\/em>. Cambridge, MA: Beacon Press.<\/p>\n<p>Johnson, F. A. (1973).<em> Alienation: concept, term, and meanings<\/em>. NY: Seminar Press.<\/p>\n<p>Marx, K., &amp; Engels, F. (1963). <em>The economic and philosophic manuscripts of 1844 <\/em>(P. J. Strunk, Trans.). NY: International Publisher. (Original work published 1844)<\/p>\n<p>Wood, A. W. (Ed.). (1988). <em>Marx selections<\/em>. London: Collier Macmillan.<\/p>\n<p>Nathan, R. (1989). <em>Alienation<\/em>. NY: E. J. Bill.<\/p>\n<p>Ollman, B. (1976). <em>Alienation: Marx&#8217;s conception of man in capitalist society<\/em>. NY: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Robert, B. P. (1989). <em>Hegel&#8217;s idealism: the satisfactions of self-consciousness<\/em>. NY:Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Schaff, A. (1980). <em>Alienation as a Social Phenomenon<\/em>. NY: Pergamon Press.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u67ef\u4f73\u4f36\u3001\u674e\u674f\u6d25\u3001\u9648\u6c38\u7537\uff0c\u53f0\u4e2d\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7855\u58eb\u5728\u804c\u4e13\u73ed \/ \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u5357\u534e\u5927\u5b66 \u5f02\u5316\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6d89\u53ca\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u3001\u590d\u6742 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5534","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-educationallaw"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5534","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5534"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5534\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}