{"id":5888,"date":"2016-09-16T15:19:51","date_gmt":"2016-09-16T07:19:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shehuifa.com\/?p=5888"},"modified":"2025-11-13T14:49:39","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T06:49:39","slug":"%e6%b2%88%e5%bb%ba%e5%b3%b0%ef%bc%9a%e5%be%b7%e5%9b%bd%e9%9b%86%e4%bd%93%e6%80%a7%e5%8a%b3%e5%8a%a8%e4%ba%89%e8%ae%ae%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e7%9a%84%e6%a1%86%e6%9e%b6%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%b6%e5%90%af%e7%a4%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/?p=5888","title":{"rendered":"\u6c88\u5efa\u5cf0\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u53ca\u5176\u542f\u793a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728 \u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u88ab\u533a\u5206\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53c8\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\uff1a\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u901a \u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u9014\u5f84\u89e3\u51b3\uff1b\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u534f\u8bae\u8ba2\u7acb\u4e89\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5236\u6548\u529b\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u5236\u5ea6\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff1b\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e89\u8bae\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u613f\u8c03\u89e3\u89e3 \u51b3\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u63d0\u8d77\u81ea\u613f\u8c03\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u613f\u63a5\u53d7\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u52a8\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5bf9\u65b9\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u601d\u8def\u503c\u5f97 \u6211\u4eec\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd;\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae;\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae;\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae;\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u6c88\u5efa\u5cf0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\u300b(\u4eac)2013\u5e743\u671f<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u968f\u7740\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e3b\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u89c9\u9192\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f2008\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u9891\u9891\u53d1\u751f\u3002[1]<\/sup>\u5982 \u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5bf9\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u6709\u89c1\u5730\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5206\u6790\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a \u8bba\u8005\u5f53\u7136\u5730\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e89\u8bae\u79f0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5c06\u505c\u5de5\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f62\u5de5\uff0c\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4f20\u7edf\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6000\u7591\u7684\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u6027 \u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u90fd\u662f\u6cd5\u5f8b\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5417\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff1f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\uff1f\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u53ca \u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u6709\u6240\u88e8\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u5883\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u76f8\u5e94\u5236\u5ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4f55\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff1f\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5c31\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5417\uff1f\u5728\u6211\u56fd\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u90fd \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u8bcd\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5c06\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\uff0c\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u516c\u5171\u5ba1\u8bc9\u6807\u7684\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u56e2 \u7ed3\u6743\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e09\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u8bae\u6240\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[2]<\/sup>\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u591a\u4eba\u4e89\u8bae\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u591a\u4e2a(\u6216\u8005\u90e8\u5206)\u804c\u5de5\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u7406\u7531\u4e0e\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[3]<\/sup>\u5e76\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u79f0\u4e3a\u56e2\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u201c\u4ea6\u79f0\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u5176\u56e2\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u56e0\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[4]<\/sup>\u8fd8\u6709\u8bba\u8005\u79f0\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6307\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u4f1a\u3001\u6e38\u884c\u3001\u6020\u5de5\u3001\u505c\u5de5\u3001\u7f62\u5de5\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u3002[5]<\/sup>\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u6240\u8c13\u96c6\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u8981\u6709\u5de5\u4f1a\u7684\u53c2\u52a0\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u96c6\u4f53\u8c08\u5224\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u201d\u3002[6]<\/sup>\u4e0e\u7406\u8bba\u754c\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5b9e\u8df5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\u5b9e\u5219\u662f\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5ba1\u7406\uff01\u201d[7]<\/sup>\u603b\u7ed3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8bba\u8ff0\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u56fd\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u95ee\u9898\u88ab\u975e\u5e38\u70ed\u70c8\u5730\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u8bba\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u662f\u81ea\u8bf4\u81ea\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u5171\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u8005\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u96c6\u4f53(\u52b3\u52a8)\u4e89\u8bae(Gesamtstreitigkeit)\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u793e\u56e2 (Arbeitsverband\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53\u6216\u8005\u4f01\u4e1a\u56e2\u4f53)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5168\u4f53\u6027\uff1b\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f \u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u8d44\u6216\u8005\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5408\u610f\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5e94\u5f53\u5236\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u8d44\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u516c\u5e73\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5 \u5236\u5b9a\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u201d\u3002[8]<\/sup>\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u96c6\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\u4ee5\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae(Gesamtregelungsstreitigkeiten)\u201d[9]<\/sup>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u7574\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fb7\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6bd4\u6709\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8981\u7a84\uff0c\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3 \u52a8\u6cd5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7533\u8bc9\u6807\u7684\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u8981\u5bbd\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d89\u53ca\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7b7e\u8ba2\u65f6 \u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5305\u62ec\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u51c6\u786e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u540c\u6837\u540d\u79f0\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6240\u6307\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5c06\u6211\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u73b0\u8c61\u7eb3\u5165\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u3001\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u591a\u6570\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e0e\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u8bc9\u6c42\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff1b\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173 \u7cfb\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u6807\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u6cd5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u800c\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u3001\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u7b49\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u96c6 \u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\u5b58\u5728\u6839\u672c\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u6709\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u5c55 \u5f00\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u5316\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7fa4\u4f53\u5316\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6807\u7684\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u805a\u96c6\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e00\u65b9\u6216\u8005\u53cc\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u79cd\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u201c\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u7d2f\u52a0\u201d[10]<\/sup>\uff0c \u4f9d\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u96c7\u4e3b\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6c11\u4e8b\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5fb7\u56fd\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5 \u9662\u6cd5(Arbeitsgerichtsgesetz)\u300b\u7b2c2\u6761\u7b2c3\u6b3e\u7b2c1\u9879\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u4e09\u5ba1\u7ec8\u5ba1\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784 \u4e0a\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u52b3\u52a8\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u7279\u8272\u4ee5\u53ca\u52b3\u8d44\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u57fa\u5c42\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u5dde\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5408\u8bae\u5ead\u7531\u4e00\u540d\u804c\u4e1a\u6cd5\u5b98\u548c\u4e24\u540d\u540d\u8a89\u6cd5\u5b98\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u804c\u4e1a\u6cd5\u5b98 \u62c5\u4efb\u5ba1\u5224\u957f\uff0c\u540d\u8a89\u6cd5\u5b98\u7531\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u5f53\u5c40\u6839\u636e\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u6216\u8005\u5de5\u4f1a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u9009\u4efb\uff0c\u4efb\u671f5\u5e74\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5408\u8bae\u5ead\u7531\u4e00\u540d\u5ba1\u5224\u957f\u3001\u4e24\u540d\u804c\u4e1a\u6cd5\u5b98\u548c \u4e24\u540d\u7531\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5c40\u4ece\u7531\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u6216\u8005\u5de5\u4f1a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u9009\u4efb\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u6cd5\u5b98\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u4efb\u671f\u540c\u68375\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9002\u7528\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u6cd5\u300b\u6709\u7279\u522b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e2a \u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\u9002\u7528\u300a\u6c11\u4e8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002[11]<\/sup>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u65b9\u6216\u8005\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u6cd5\u300b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9002\u7528\u300a\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c59\u6761\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5173\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u89c4\u5219[1]<\/sup>(Streitgenossenschaft)\u3002[12]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u4e0d\u5c11\u5b66\u8005\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5206\u4e3a\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5728\u8ba2\u7acb\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bae\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u7acb\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u7b7e\u7ea6\u53cc\u65b9\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u672a\u6210\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e89\u8bae\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[13]<\/sup>\u4f46\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u4e13\u6307\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u53cc\u65b9\u6216\u8005\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f19\u4f34(Betriebspartnern)\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5176\u6709\u5173\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8ba2\u7acb\u5728\u5176\u804c\u6743\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[14]<\/sup>\u5b83 \u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5408\u540c\u5fc5\u987b\u4fe1\u5b88\u6216\u8005\u5408\u540c\u662f\u5408\u610f\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7f14\u7ed3\u5408\u540c\u6216\u8005\u53d8\u66f4\u5408\u540c\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a \u6cd5\u5f8b\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u9700\u7eb3\u5165\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u5426\u5219\u52a8\u8f84\u4e3b\u5f20\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u5c31\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u8fdd\u53cd\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u3001\u53d8\u66f4\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u7f14\u7ed3\u5408\u540c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u6700\u5927\u7684 \u6311\u6218\u3002\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e00)\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6982\u5ff5\u754c\u5b9a\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u662f\u6307\u56e0\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\u7b7e\u8ba2\u3001\u5c65\u884c\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f1a\u3001\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u548c\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89 \u8bae\u3002\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae(Rechtsstreit)\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6743\u5229\u4e3b\u4f53\u9488\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5173\u7cfb\u7684 \u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[15]<\/sup>\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u201c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c(\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3)\u6d89\u53ca\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d\u3002[16]<\/sup>\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u8303\u53bb\u88c1\u51b3\uff0c\u800c\u6d89\u53ca\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u610f\u4ece\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u201d\u3002[17]<\/sup>\u6743 \u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u6cd5\u9014\u5f84\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u800c\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u7ba1\u8f96\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5de5\u5382\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6cd5(Betriebsverfassung)\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u901a \u8fc7\u548c\u89e3\u5904(Einigungsstellen)\u89e3\u51b3\uff1b\u6d89\u53ca\u8fbe\u6210\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u89e3\u5904(Schlichtungsstellen)\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u4e0e\u6211\u56fd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u5584\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u5382\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Betriebsrat)\u65e0\u6cd5\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e3b\u8fbe\u6210\u5de5\u5382\u534f\u8bae (Betriebsvereinigung)\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5fb7\u56fd\u300a\u5de5\u5382\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6cd5\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u96c7\u4e3b\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u9075\u5b88\u5b8c\u5168\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 \u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e0d\u53ef\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba2\u7acb\u5de5\u5382\u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u751f\u4e89\u8bae\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u8ba2\u7acb\u5de5\u5382\u534f\u8bae\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u5236\u8c03\u5904\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u201c\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u5bf9\u6709\u5173\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u6743\u5a01 \u6027\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u201d\u3002[18]<\/sup>\u5177\u6709\u6b64\u804c\u8d23\u7684\u662f\u548c\u89e3\u5904\uff0c\u201c\u5b83\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u96c7\u4e3b\u548c\u5de5\u5382\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u610f\u201d\u3002[19]<\/sup>\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5173\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e3b\u8981\u56f4\u7ed5\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e8c)\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u8d44\u683c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae(\u4ee3\u8868\u6743\u4e89\u8bae)\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c65\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c[20]<\/sup>\u5904 \u4e8e\u8054\u90a6\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u300a\u8054\u90a6\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c2\u6761\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8b\u9879\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9662\u4eab\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\uff1a1.\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4(\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u5de5\u4f1a \u6216\u8005\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8)\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6216\u8005\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6c11\u4e8b\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\uff1b2.\u6709 \u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u4e3b\u4f53\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u56e0\u4e3a\u4fb5\u6743\u884c\u4e3a\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6c11\u4e8b\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8be5\u4e89\u8bae\u6d89\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u63aa\u65bd(\u5982\u7f62\u5de5\u3001\u95ed\u5382\u7b49)\u6216\u8005\u6d89\u53ca\u7ed3\u793e \u81ea\u7531\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u793e\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u5df2\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u53cc\u91cd\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f1a\u3001\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u6216\u8005\u5355\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b(\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u65f6)\u7684\u503a\u6743\u6027\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5de5 \u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u6216\u8005\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6548\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5c65\u884c\u7b49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u6216\u96c7\u4e3b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\u4e0e\u96c7\u4e3b\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46 \u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e89\u8bae\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u9014\u5f84\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e09)\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

\u3000\u30001.\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5c31\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6216\u8005\u53d8\u66f4\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u6cd5\u9014\u5f84\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u8c03\u5904\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002 \u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u8c03\u89e3(Tarifliche Schlichtung)\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u4e00\u6837\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u201d[21]<\/sup>\u5728 \u6211\u56fd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u6216\u8005\u4ea7\u4e1a\u884c\u52a8\u79f0\u4e3a\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5c31\u662f\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c31\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u8fbe\u6210\u5408 \u610f\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u8be5\u5206\u6b67\u5373\u662f\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u662f\u6307\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e00\u65b9\u6216\u8005\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u5e72\u6270\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u65bd\u538b\u884c\u4e3a\u201d\u3002[22]<\/sup>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65bd\u538b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c55\u793a\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6d88\u706d\u8be5\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u4e89\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u30002.\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8c03\u89e3<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u548c\u5e73\u5bf9\u8bdd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u95f4\u5c45\u4e2d\u8c03\u505c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u201d\u3002[23]<\/sup>\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u5408\u610f\u8c03\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c03\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5408\u610f\u8c03\u89e3\u4ee5\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e2d\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5916\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u5408\u610f\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u90fd\u7b7e\u8ba2\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u7b7e\u7f72 \u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u8005\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u201c\u6700\u540e\u624b\u6bb5\u539f\u5219(Ultima\uff0dRatio\uff0dPrinzip)\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u8c03\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u63aa\u65bd \u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\u201d\u3002[24]<\/sup>\u5408\u610f\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7531\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u6784\u7531\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4efb\u547d\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6784\u6210\u3002\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u6784\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u6700 \u7406\u60f3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u610f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u8fbe\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u53cc\u65b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u610f\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u8be5\u5efa\u8bae\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u5bf9 \u8be5\u5efa\u8bae\u8868\u793a\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5728\u8c03\u89e3\u524d\u5c31\u8868\u793a\u63a5\u53d7\u8be5\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c03\u89e3\u4ee5\u300a\u76df\u56fd\u7ba1\u5236\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7b2c35\u53f7\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff1a\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u89e3\u548c\u8c03\u89e3\u6cd5\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2a\u522b\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u201c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5408\u610f\u8c03\u89e3\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c03\u89e3\u5904\u4e8e\u8f85\u52a9\u6027\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u201d[25]<\/sup>\u8054\u90a6\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c03\u89e3\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e00\u81f4\u540c\u610f\u5c06\u8be5\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u89c4\u5219\u7ea0\u7eb7\u63d0\u4ea4\u6709\u5173\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u6784\u4e3a\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c03\u89e3\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u300a\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c9\u6761\u7b2c3\u6b3e\u52b3\u8d44\u534f\u8bae\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u4e2d\u7acb\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002[26]<\/sup>\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e2a\u522b\u5dde\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5f3a\u5236\u8c03\u89e3\u3002\u201c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u300a\u5df4\u767b\u5dde\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c12\u6761\u7b2c2\u6b3e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u516c\u5171\u610f\u4e49(Wesentlicher\u00a0\"\"ffentlicher Bedeutung)\u65f6\u8c03\u89e3\u4f9d\u804c\u6743\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u201d[27]<\/sup>\u5728\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u9700\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8c03\u89e3\u7ed3\u679c\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u30003.\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u89e3\u51b3\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u53cc\u65b9\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u610f\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8c03\u89e3\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3001\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u8c03\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u89e3\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u5408\u610f\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5fb7\u56fd\u5374\u6ca1\u6709 \u5236\u5b9a\u6cd5\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u7f62\u5de5\u6cd5\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u57fa\u7840\u9996\u5148\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u7b2c9\u6761\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u6761\u7b2c3\u6761\u6b3e\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u91c7\u7eb3\u672c\u6cd5\u7b2c12\u6761 a\uff0c35\u6761\u7b2c2\u6b3e\u7b2c3\u6b3e\uff0c\u7b2c87\u6761a\u7b2c4\u6b3e\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c91\u6761\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u7ed3\u793e\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u6301\u6216\u8005\u4fc3\u8fdb\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6761\u4ef6\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u201d\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u6cd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5219\u5b8c \u5168\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4e60\u60ef\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u6cd5\u5b98\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002[28]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f97\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u6cd5\u7684\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5236\u5b9a\u6cd5\u89c4\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u6761\u4ef6\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u5e72\u6270\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb[2]<\/sup>\uff0c \u8fd9\u79cd\u5e72\u6270\u884c\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e0e\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5173\u7cfb\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u5bf9\u76f8\u5bf9\u4eba\u5408\u540c\u6743\u5229\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f \u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u884c\u4e3a\u90fd\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5b58\u7eed\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u8bda\u5b9e\u4fe1\u7528\u539f\u5219\u4e3a\u52b3\u52a8\u7ed9\u4ed8\u6216\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\u7b49\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u884c \u4e3a\uff0c\u5e72\u6270\u4e86\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4e86\u96c7\u4e3b\u201c\u5bf9\u8bbe\u7acb\u548c\u8fd0\u8425\u4e2d\u7684\u8425\u5229\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6743\u5229\u201d(Recht am eingerichteten und ausge\u00fcbten Gewerbebetrieb)\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u300a\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178\u300b823\u6761\u7b2c1\u6b3e\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4fb5\u6743\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u754c\u5bf9\u5982\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\uff1a\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u5408\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89 \u5f97\u5230\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u505c\u5de5\u3001\u95ed\u5382\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5408\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5408\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e3b\u6d41\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u7b26\u5408 \u4e0b\u8ff0\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u624d\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6392\u9664\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e0d\u6cd5\u6548\u679c\u3002[29]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(1)\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7531\u5177\u6709\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba(Tariff\"\"hige Parteien)\u9886\u5bfc<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u6240\u8c13\u5177\u6709\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u6765\u8bb2\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6307\u5de5\u4f1a\uff1b\u5bf9\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e00\u65b9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u548c\u793e \u56e2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f1a\uff1b\u800c\u793e\u56e2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u662f\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u548c\u5de5\u4f1a\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u96c7\u4e3b\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u52b3\u52a8 \u8005\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u4e0d\u7531\u5de5\u4f1a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u7f62\u5de5\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002[30]<\/sup>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u8fdd\u53cd\u6839\u636e\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u5f62\u5f0f\u6539\u5584\u52b3\u52a8\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u7ed3\u793e\u6743\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0b\u624d\u662f\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u201d\u3002[31]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(2)\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba2\u7acb\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u8ba2\u7acb\u4e0d\u8fdd\u53cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u3002\u8ffd\u6c42\u8ba2\u7acb\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u5916\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c[3]<\/sup>\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89[4]<\/sup>\uff0c\u540c\u60c5\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89[5]<\/sup>\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u5728\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(3)\u9075\u5b88\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u4f9d\u6cd5\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5bf9\u7b7e\u8ba2\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u548c\u96c7\u4e3b\u6216\u8005\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u5177\u6709\u503a\u6743\u6027\u6548\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6548\u529b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6709\u6548\u671f\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u89e3\u9664 \u524d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4e0d\u5f97\u53d1\u52a8\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1\u5728\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5bf9\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53cc\u65b9\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0d\u9488\u5bf9\u5df2\u7b7e\u8ba2\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89 \u7684\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6240\u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6709\u6548\u671f\u9488\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u9879\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u4e8b \u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1\uff0c\u5219\u53d1\u52a8\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fdd\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(4)\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdd\u53cd\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u539f\u5219\u548c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6700\u540e\u624b\u6bb5\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u201c\u9996\u5148\u8c08\u5224\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6240\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u8c03\u89e3\u673a\u5236\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u5c3d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u9014\u5f84\u90fd\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u540e\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u201d\u3002[32]<\/sup>\u6bd4\u4f8b\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u548c\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5730\u57df\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8fc7\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5408\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8981\u6c42\u5916\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u662f\u8fdb\u653b\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u8fd8\u662f\u9632\u5fa1\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7b49\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5408\u6cd5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u793e\u56e2\u4e3a\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u52a8\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u5f80\u5f80\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u793e\u56e2\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u53ef\u4f9b\u501f\u9274\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5374\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e00)\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5316<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5fb7\u56fd\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002\u5728\u6211\u56fd\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u8bba\u8ff0\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u4ec5\u770b\u5230\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\uff0c \u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u5c31\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6743\u5229\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u3001\u5c65\u884c\u7b49\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e2a\u522b \u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u683c\u5c40\u9996\u5148\u5728\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8c\u8005\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3 \u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u533a\u5206\u4e3a\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u52b3\u8d44\u5171\u51b3\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u7279\u70b9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u533a\u5206\u7b26\u5408\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5f3a \u5316\u4e86\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u5c06\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u53f8\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u56fd\u501f\u9274\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e8c)\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5316<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4f9d\u7136\u5c5e\u4e8e\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u3001\u5c65\u884c\u3001\u7ec8\u6b62\u3001\u89e3\u9664\u7b49\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u65f6\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c(\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3)\u6d89\u53ca\u8be5\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u201d[33]<\/sup>\u7684 \u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e89\u8bae\u5728\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u5f53\u5b8c\u5168\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u53f8\u6cd5\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e89\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e00\u65b9\u5f53 \u4e8b\u4eba\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u9002\u7528\u5171\u540c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f5c\u6cd5\u4ece\u5236\u5ea6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u501f\u9274\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u884c\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\u4ef2\u88c1 \u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c7\u6761\uff0c\u300a\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c53\u6761\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6846\u67b6\uff1b\u4f46\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0a\u8ff0\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u90e8\u95e8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3 \u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5236\u5ea6\u89e3\u51b3\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6811\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u4e09)\u5c65\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5316<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5bf9\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u7528\u4eba\u5355\u4f4d\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u8303\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u5bf9\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\u8005\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a(\u6216\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u65f6\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u96c7\u4e3b)\u5177\u6709\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7ea6\u675f \u529b\u6216\u8005\u503a\u6743\u6027\u6548\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u56f4\u7ed5\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5c65\u884c\u7b49\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6743\u5229\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u6cd5\u9014\u5f84\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5c06\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u6548\u529b\u95ee\u9898\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u6cd5\u6cbb\u9014\u5f84\u4e0a\u6765\u3002\u76ee \u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u6548\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7ea6\u675f\u5168\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5426\u7ea6\u675f\u5176\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u5de5\u4f1a\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u754c\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4ece\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6 \u4f53\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5c65\u884c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f1a\u6216\u96c7\u4e3b\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c7\u4e3b\u5177\u6709\u503a\u6743\u6027\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u6cd5\u673a\u5173\u89e3\u51b3\u8fdd\u53cd\u548c\u5e73\u4e49\u52a1\u548c\u8d2f\u5f7b\u4e49\u52a1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec \u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u56db)\u5229\u76ca\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u6cd5\u6cbb\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u6027<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7c7b\u578b\u5316\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53f8\u6cd5\u9014\u5f84\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u7eb3\u5165\u5230\u4f9d\u6cd5\u88c1\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u601d\u8def\u4e2d\uff0c\u552f\u72ec\u96c6\u4f53\u89c4\u5219\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5 \u6cbb\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u81ea\u6cbb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u7684\u7b7e\u8ba2\uff0c\u5728\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6d89\u53ca\u52b3\u52a8\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u914d\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u56e2\u4f53 \u901a\u8fc7\u529b\u91cf\u535a\u5f08\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fb7\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7acb\u573a\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u4e2d\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7acb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u89e3\u51b3 \u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5c06\u4e89\u8bae\u63d0\u4ea4\u8c03\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8c03\u89e3\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u8d56\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002\u9664\u975e\u6d89\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c31 \u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u9884\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6cbb\u89e3\u51b3\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6cd5\u6cbb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u65e0\u5929\u7684\u201c\u6597\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6cd5\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e0b\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u535a \u5f08\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u6597\u4e89\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u505c\u5de5\u3001\u95ed\u5382\u90fd\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u6cbb\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u501f\u9274\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[1]\u6211\u56fd\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\u4ef2\u88c1\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u300a\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u300b\u90fd\u89c4\u5b9a\u6709\u5171\u540c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8c03\u89e3\u4ef2\u88c1\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c7\u6761\uff0c\u300a\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c53\u300154\u300155\u6761\u3002\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u4e00\u8bed\uff0c\u63a9\u76d6\u4e86\u8be5\u5171\u540c\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u5904\u7406\u5236\u5ea6\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000[2]\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u6837\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u4e00\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u7f62\u5de5\u3001\u9644\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u89e3\u9664\u52b3\u52a8\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4f7f\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u8005\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed9\u4ed8\u6743\u3001\u62b5\u5236\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u52b3 \u52a8\u7ed9\u4ed8(\u4e5f\u79f0\u6020\u5de5)\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u96c7\u4e3b\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u624b\u6bb5\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u95ed\u5382\u3001\u5171\u540c\u884c\u4f7f\u4fdd\u7559\u6216\u8005\u62d2\u7edd\u7ed9\u4ed8\u6743\u3001\u6b47\u4e1a\u3001\u62d2\u4ed8\u5de5\u8d44\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[3]\u6307\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[4]\u6307\u4ee5\u6e38\u884c\u793a\u5a01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u5176\u8fdd\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u662f\u201c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f55\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5408\u540c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[5]\u6307\u4e3a\u4e86\u58f0\u63f4\u5176\u4ed6\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u8005\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u3002\u5728\u540c\u60c5\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6597\u4e89\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u548c\u88ab\u6597\u4e89\u8005\u7b7e\u8ba2\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u88ab\u6597\u4e89\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u5b9e\u73b0\u6597\u4e89\u8005\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8be5\u52b3\u52a8\u6597\u4e89\u662f\u4e0d\u88ab\u8bb8\u53ef\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[1]\u5b59\u5fb7\u5f3a\uff0c\u7b49\uff0e\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u65b0\u7279\u70b9\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2009: (6).<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[2]\u5b5f\u6cc9\uff0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u72b6\u51b5\u3001\u7279\u70b9\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u4f1a\u8bae\u7efc\u8ff0[J].\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c2011: (10).<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[3][4][13]\u738b\u5168\u5174\uff0e\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2008: 422, 422, 422.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[5]\u5218\u6e58\u741b\uff0c\u66fe\u5d58\uff0e\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8c03\u6574\u95ee\u9898[J].\u6c42\u7d22\uff0c2007: (2).<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[6][10]\u5e38\u51ef\uff0e\u52b3\u6743\u8bba[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2004: 371, 370.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[7]\u90d1\u5c1a\u5143\uff0e\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u534f\u5546\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u540c\u201d\u8bcd\u4e49\u8fa9[J].\u5317\u4eac\u5e02\u5de5\u4f1a\u5e72\u90e8\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2005: (3).<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[8]Hueck-Nipperdey. Lehrbuch des Arbeitsrechts. Band 2, erster halb Band, 7. Auflage, Verlag Franz Vahlen GmbH, 1967, S8.<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000[9][28]Wolfgang Hromadka, Frank Maschmann, Arbeitsrecht. Band 2, Kollektivarbeitsrecht, Arbeitsstreitigkeiten, Spinger, 2010, S547, 157, 151, 167, 176.<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000[11][17][18][19][24][25][27][29][31][32]\/Loritz\/, Arbeitsrecht. 6. Auflage, C. H. Beck, 2008, S586, 585, 508, 509, 453, 453, 454, 454, 441, 433, 441, 435.<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000[12][14][15]Horst Tilch, Frank Arloth, Deutsches Rechts-Lexikon. Band3, 3. Auflage, Verlag C. H. Beck, 2001, S4048, 3518, 3502.<\/p>\n

\u3000 \u3000[16][20][21][22][23][26][33]Preis, Arbeitsrecht, Kollektivarbeitsrecht. 2.Auflage, Verlag Dr. Otto Schmidt, 2009, S810, 407, 407, 415, 407, 411, 810.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000[30]BAG AP Nr. 32, 41, 58, 106 zu Art. 9GG Atbeitskampf.<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u52a8\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u9662\u6cd5\u5b66\u7cfb\u90e8\u95e8\u6cd5\u6559\u7814\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728 \u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u96c6\u4f53\u6027\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u88ab\u533a\u5206\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u6027\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u52b3\u52a8\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u52b3\u52a8\u4e89\u8bae\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6765\u89e3\u51b3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12131,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5888","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-wiki"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5888","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5888"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5888\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/start.shehuifa.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}