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\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u73b0\u72b6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e50\u89c2(\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u6743\u5229\u89c4\u5b9a\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240 \u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5e76\u4e0d\u77a9\u76ee)\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u4eba\u6743\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u5baa\u6cd5\u6587\u672c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e76\u672a\u89c4\u5b9a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u59a8\u788d\u5176\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u53ea\u662f\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u786e\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e00\u6743\u5229\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5176\u6027\u8d28\u5982\u4f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5206\u7c7b\u65e2\u4e0d\u8bf4\u660e\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4e00\u9053\u4e0d\u53ef\u903e\u8d8a\u7684\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6743\u5229\u4f53\u7cfb\u5185\u90e8\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u6743\u5229\u5c45\u4e8e\u4f18\u8d8a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u5ba2\u89c2\u4ef7\u503c\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5df2\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u30021948\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5c31\u5df2\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u6743\u5229\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u30021993\u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6743\u5927\u4f1a\u4e00\u81f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u518d\u6b21\u80af\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u662f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u4eba\u6743\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u5173\u8054\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7279\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u8bba\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u91c7\u53d6\u4f55\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e00\u5207\u4eba\u6743\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u3002[5]<\/p>\n

\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u6027\u548c\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u6027\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\uff0c \u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u591a\u5177\u6709\u590d\u5408\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5448\u73b0\u7ade\u5408\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u6743\u7ecf\u5e38 \u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u6743\u3001\u751f\u5b58\u6743\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743\u548c\u7ed3\u793e\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u4ea7\u751f\u7ade\u5408\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u5b89\u5168\u6743\u5219\u591a\u4e0e\u751f\u5b58\u6743\u3001\u8d22\u4ea7\u6743 \u4ea7\u751f\u7ade\u5408\uff1b\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5219\u591a\u4e0e\u8bb2\u5b66\u81ea\u7531\u4ea7\u751f\u7ade\u5408\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u5185 \u90e8\u5404\u7c7b\u6743\u5229\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a1939\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u7ef4\u4e5f\u7eb3\u5ba3\u8a00\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u300b(Viennadeclaration and Programme of Action)\u5bf9\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u786e\u8ba4 \uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002\u4e3a\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fd9\u4e00\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u300a\u5ba3\u8a00\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u7eb2\u9886\u300b\u5c06\u4eba\u6743\u4ece\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6309\u79cd \u7c7b\u6392\u5217(\u6ce8\uff1a\u6309\u79cd\u7c7b\u6392\u5217\u662f\u6307\u4eba\u6743\u6216\u8005\u5baa\u6cd5\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6743 \u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f9d\u636e\u81ea\u7136\u72b6\u6001\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u6001\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u800c\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u662f\u6307\u8fdb\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6 \u6001\u4e4b\u540e\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f9d\u7136\u4eab\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u79c1\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u653f \u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u6743\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u516c\u201d\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u4eba\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229 \u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6743\u5229\u3001\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u516c\u6c11\u6743\u5229\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5229\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u7531\u6743 \uff0c\u662f\u514d\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u4fb5\u72af\u7684\u6743\u5229(freedom from state)\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ed9\u4ed8\u7684\u6743\u5229(freedom to state)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6392\u5217\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u6743\u5229\u4e4b\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f \u786e\u7acb\u653f\u5e9c\u8d23\u4efb\u5148\u540e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002)\uff0c\u6539\u4e3a\u6309\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u2014\u2014\u516c\u6c11\u7684(civil)\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7684(cultural)\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684(economic)\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684(political)\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684(social)\u6743\u5229\u3002[5]\u8fd9\u4e00 \u6392\u5217\u5177\u6709\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ece\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6d88\u9664\u4e86 \u793e\u4f1a\u6743\u5229\u5185\u90e8\u5404\u79cd\u6743\u5229\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f25\u5408\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6743\u5229\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\uff0c \u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5bf9\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\u4e0e\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0a\u53c8\u524d\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd \u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u6743\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u673a\u68b0\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5df2\u6210\u660e\u65e5\u9ec4\u82b1\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8d8b\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25 \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u9762\u5411\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u6743\u5229\u5408\u529b\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8b\u7269\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u65e0\u7591 \u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u63a8\u8fdb\u5404\u7c7b\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u7406\u6027\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u5f97\u5230\u5baa \u6cd5\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u786e\u7acb\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6743\u5229\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u6743\u5229\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7d27\u5f20 \u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u8ba4\u771f\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u3010\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3011<\/p>\n

[1]\u6797\u4f73\u548c.\u6b27\u6d32\u793e\u4f1a\u5baa\u7ae0\u7684\u65b0\u6311\u6218[J\/OL].http:\/\/labornet@tptsl.seed.net.tw.<\/p>\n

[2]\u9648\u6021\u5982.\u91ca\u5baa\u5b9e\u52a1\u6709\u5173\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5185\u6db5\u5efa\u6784\u4e4b\u89c2\u5bdf[J\/OL].http:\/\/Law-dimention.com.<\/p>\n

[3][\u8377\u5170]\u4ea8\u5229\u2022\u8303\u2022\u9a6c\u5c14\u8d5b\u6587.\u6210\u6587\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u534e\u590f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1987.<\/p>\n

[4][\u7f8e]\u6770\u514b\u2022\u5510\u7eb3\u5229.\u666e\u904d\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5[M].\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2001.<\/p>\n

[5]\u96c5\u52aa\u529b\u5179\u2022\u897f\u6469\u5c3c\u8fea\u65af.\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u7814\u7a76[M\/OL].http:\/\/www.szcrc.org\/200300011.htm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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