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\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u628a\u6743\u5229\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u8bc9\u8bbc\u5207\u5272\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u52a8\u7528\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u9002\u5f53\u76f8\u5bf9\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f9d\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u7ea0\u7eb7\u7684\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5149\u8c31\u822c\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u4ece\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3001\u516c\u5f00\u6307\u8d23\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc9\u6c42\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u5230\u5bfb\u6c42\u8c03\u89e3\u548c\u4ef2\u88c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc9\u8bf8\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6210\u4e3a\u7a77\u5c3d\u4e00\u5207\u81ea\u6211\u6551\u6d4e\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6700\u540e\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5965\u65af\u4e01\u00b7\u8428\u70ed\u7279\u548c\u6770\u5c14\u00b7\u683c\u9c81\u65af\u66fc\uff08Austin Sarat & Joel B\u3002 Grossman\uff09\u66fe\u7ecf\u5206\u6790\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u5bf9\u7ea0\u7eb7\u8fdb\u884c\u754c\u5b9a\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d8\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3001\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u6027\u3001\u9002\u7528\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u5f62\u6001\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u8005\u4ecb\u5165\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5171\u6027\u4e0e\u79c1\u4eba\u6027\u3001\u6b63\u5f0f\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u6027\u8fd9\u4e24\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u89e3\u7eb7\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4ee51967\u5e74\u7684\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u62a5\u544a\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u5bfb\u627e\u4ee3\u66ff\u5ba1\u5224\u7684\u7ea0\u7eb7\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u7740\u529b\u4e8e\u6539\u8fdb\u5229\u7528\u5ba1\u5224\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u53f8\u6cd5\u4fbf\u6c11\u6027\uff08access to justice\uff09\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u79ef\u6781\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8bc9\u8bbc\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6743\u76ca\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53f8\u6cd5\u6539\u9769\u8c61\u5f81\u7684\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u90bb\u91cc\u88c1\u5224\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Neighborhood Justice Center\uff09\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5bf9\u4ee3\u66ff\u6027\u89e3\u7eb7\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u7b80\u6613\u3001\u5feb\u6377\u3001\u5ec9\u4ef7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u628a\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u89e3\u7eb7\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bfc\u5165\u6cd5\u9662\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u7ec7\u8fdb\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a1980\u5e74\u7684\u6cd5\u9662\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8c03\u89e3\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u662f1988\u5e74\u7edf\u4e00\u4ea7\u54c1\u5b89\u5168\u6cd5\uff08Uniform Product Safety Act of 1988\uff0cH.R\u3002 1115\uff09\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u5ba1\u7406\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d23\u4efb\u6848\u4ef6\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u8c03\u89e3\u524d\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u5f8b\u5e08\u4e3a\u4ef2\u88c1\u5458\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4ef2\u88c1\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5bf9\u591a\u5143\u89e3\u7eb7\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u66f4\u6ce8\u610f\u5411\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3001\u91cd\u89c6\u5f53\u4e8b\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53f8\u6cd5\u670d\u52a1\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u6848\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u89e3\u7eb7\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u53f8\u6cd5\u7684\u4e92\u8865\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

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